Objective: To study the ameliorating effect of olive oil on histomorphological changes induced by arsenic in liver of albino rats. Design of study: Randomized control trial Place and duration: The research was carried out from 1st November 2017 to 30th November 2017 at NIH National institute of Health. Materials and methods: Forty five male adult albino rats were placed in three cages having 15 rats each. Distilled water was given to rats of control group I for 30 days. The rats of group II were given 40mg per kg per day of Sodium Arsenite dissolved in drinking water for 30 days. Rats in group III, received olive oil of 0.2ml per day for 30 days along with Sodium Arsenite. Dissection was done after 30 days and liver was dissected out for histological changes. Results: The use of olive oil has ameliorated the gross and microscopic qualitative changes induced by Arsenic in right lateral and left lateral hepatic lobes of Albino rats of group III as compared to group II rats, which received only arsenic. The gross parameters of colour, appearance, consistency and weight of livers were observed. The white colour of group II liver was improved to pale brown in group III due to use of olive oil. The use of olive oil in group III has prevented the complete loss of spongy normal appearance as they had few white patches along with normal spongy architecture. The olive oil had significantly prevented livers to become soft due to use of arsenic. The increase in hepatic weight due to arsenic was prevented by use of olive oil and was very close to the normal weight of control rats. Among qualitative microscopic parameters, congestion and necrosis was markedly reduced by use of olive oil in group III rats whereas haemorrhage was absent in group III. Conclusion: The present study clearly demonstrates that olive oil ameliorates gross and qualitative histological changes caused by arsenic in liver which include colour, appearance consistency, weight, congestion, necrosis and haemorrhage.
