Background: Fever has been recognized as a cardinal manifestation of disease. Fever was well known to ancients as an important manifestation of illness, but it remained for modern medical science to provide a better understanding of the significance of body temperature variations in health and diseases. Aims and objectives: To study the etiological factors responsible for prolonged fevers. To know the associated commonest clinical findings in prolonged fevers. Methods: In 100 patients who met with inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria are subjected to detailed clinical examination and investigation, depending upon the data obtained, results are evaluated, tabulated and the percentage of diseases causing prolonged fever is calculated. RESULTS: At the end of the study infectious diseases (75%) constitutes the commonest cause for prolonged fever, followed by neoplastic diseases (18%), connective tissue disorder (3%), miscellaneous (1%) and undiagnosed (3%). Among the infectious diseases Tuberculosis was the commonest cause for prolonged fever (34%).
