Background: Tobacco smoking contains a complex mixture of harmful compounds including carbon monoxide, various nitrosamines and nicotine that may cause various diseases including periodontal diseases. Periodontal diseases compromise a group of inflammatory conditions of the supporting structures of the teeth, including the gingiva, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. Methods: 350 newly diagnosed patients with chronic periodontitis were recruited randomly from Khartoum Teaching Dental Hospital. The studied patients were further subgrouped into: smokers (N = 168) and non-smokers (N = 182). Proper clinical examination was done for each patient to assess periodontal health indicators including plaque index, gingival index, probable pocket depth, gingival recession, Clinical attachment loss, furcation involvement& tooth mobility .Sextants were used according to Federation Dental International (WHO 1983). Results: Smokers had statistically significant higher levels of plaque compared to non-smokers. Smokers showed less gingival bleeding than non-smokers (0.5%compared to 99.5% respectively). Smokers showed statistically significant higher probable pocket depth, more gingival recession, Clinical attachment loss, furcation involvement & tooth mobility than non-smokers. Conclusion: Smokers showed less oral hygiene standard as compared to non-smokers. Smokers showed less gingival bleeding more (plaque accumulation, gingival recession, probable pocket depth, clinical attachment loss, furcation involvement and tooth mobility) than non-smokers.
