The mitochondrial activity controls life and death of cells. Dysfunction of mitochondria causes wide range of human diseases. Nanotechnology is rapidly expanding field of science with development of various nanaomaterials. In parallel to technological benefits from the impressive development of nanotechnologies, the arrival in the market of nano-products raises crucial issues dealing with human/environmental risk assessment and potential associated contamination. However, particles of nano-sized range have been present on earth for millions of year and have been used by mankind for thousands of years. But, recently their production and application has been increased because of our increasing ability to synthesize and manipulate their property. It is known that nanoparticles(NPs) able to enter in mitochondria and produce physical damage, contributing reactive oxygen species(ROS) and thereby modulate intracellular calcium concentrations, activate transcription factor etc. Our current understanding of the potential impact of nanomaterials and their potentiality to remediate/nullify their toxic forms by naturally available scavenger is limited. Nature has its own ways of resolving imbalances in the environment and organisms are one of the best tools of nature to eliminate toxic pollutants. The aim of present study is to analyse the effect of nanoparticles on mitochondrial activity of coelomic cells of earthworms to translate or improve bioremediation process.
