The widespread use of cellular telephones in recent years inevitably raises the question of the effects on brain function of the electromagnetic fields (EMF) emitted by such telephones. The aim of this work was to investigate the ameliorating role of melatonin against 2.45 GHz microwave radiation induced oxidative stress in brain of Swiss albino mice, changes in the biochemical parameter of the Swiss albino mice under the conditions of 2.45 GHz microwave radiation field exposition. 6-8 weeks old male Swiss albino mice, weighing 25±2gm were procured from inbred colony and were divided into four groups (n = 6/group): Sham exposed, Melatonin (Mel) treated (2mg/kg), Microwave exposed with 2.45 GHz and Microwave + Melatonin (2mg/kg) treated. Microwave exposure was given in Plexiglas cages for 2 hrs/day for 30 days. The power density was measured 0.17 mW/cm2 and the SAR was calculated 0.225 W/kg. After completion of exposure period, mice were sacrificed and various stress related parameters, such as Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Lipid peroxidation (LPO), GSH, Catalase (CAT) were performed. Result shows that melatonin prevented oxidative damage biochemically by significant increase (P < 0.001) in Catalase (CAT) and in Lipid per oxidation (LPO) was noted whereas significant decrease (P < 0.001) in Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), and Glutathione (GSH) in MW + Mel group compared to MW exposed group. It may be concluded that microwaves at 2.45 GHz frequency caused oxidative stress mediated cellular toxicity which leads to adverse and detrimental biochemical changes in brain of Swiss albino mice.
