Background: The ABO blood group system was the first human blood group system to be discovered by Landsteiner in 1900. The second type of blood group is the rhesus system. Beside playing an integral role in blood transfusion service, blood groups are also useful in inquiring about populace hereditary qualities, migration patterns, settling medico legitimate issues especially of debated paternity and forestalling erythroblastosis foetalis. The present study was carried out with the aim of determining the ABO and Rhesus blood group distribution among MBBS students at tertiary care hospital in a hilly state of North India. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional investigation was directed to decide the distribution of the type ABO blood and Rhesus factor among all the students of Indira Gandhi medical college, Shimla. Blood sample from all medical students consented to give blood was taken by Scrub the middle finger with a sterile disposable lancet. The assurance of the ABO and Rhesus (RhD) blood groups was done. Result: In our study, 467 were given consent among all the students of Indira Gandhi medical college, Shimla and were tested. This consisted of 222 males and 245 females between ages of 17 and 24. In our examination, the most frequently occurring blood group was B group (37.9%) trailed by 0 (27.62), A (23.13%) and AB group (11.35%). The frequency of Rh positive group (93.15%) was more than Rh negative group (6.85%).Same pattern of B,O,A and AB is followed in Rh positive blood group distribution although in Rh-negative, O group took after by B, A AB . Conclusion: This investigation affirmed that ABO and Rh antigenic structures found in the medical students of IGMC Shimla follows the familial pattern prevalent in Northern India. The study helps in preparing a database of the medical students and its multipurpose future utilities like supplying blood to the needy patients during emergency.
