Repair of segmental bone defects is an enormous challenge for reconstructive surgeons. Available techniques are fraught with difficulties. In view of these critical concerns, a novel technique of bone grafting for management of long bone defect in rabbit model was proposed. Primary objective was to ensure the feasibility of proposed technique and tested the hypothesis that the Polyglycolic acid mesh induced bio-membrane imitates periosteum both mechanically and biologically. The cohort comprises of ten adult rabbits (Lepus negricolis) of either sex weighing between 2.5 and 3.5 kg. The proposed single stage technique using the principle of induced membrane and GTR (Guided Tissue Regeneration) was done to manage the long bone defect. Radiological assessments were performed at 4, 8, and 12 weeks. At 4 and 12 week an open biopsy of induced membrane so called “synthetic periosteum” was done for histomorphological evaluation. The normal periosteum of contra-lateral limb was used as control. At 12 weeks, Radiographs revealed a successful osseous union. A vascularized induced bio-membrane, closely adherent to the bone was appreciated in place of mesh. No sign of infection was detected in any rabbit. Histological outcome demonstrate mesh induced bio-membrane so-called “synthetic periosteum” is likely to function as original periosteum that has mechanical and biological advantages. The induced membrane is hypervascularized promote revascularization and favors the corticalization of the autograft. The technique proposed here will open new dimensions in the field of management of segmental long-bone defects both in animals and human.
