Sequencing has made huge advancements and improvement in the field of genetics in the last few decades. One of the most important achievements of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) is to produce millions of sequence reads in a short period of time and to produce large sequences of DNA in fragments of any size. Libraries can be produced from whole genomes or any DNA or RNA region of interest without the need to know its sequence beforehand. This allows for looking for variations and facilitating genetic identification. In this review, our objective was to do a profound analysis of existing NGS technologies and their application in forensics as well as a discussion about the advantages and drawbacks of these technologies in genetic identification. In addition to the degraded state of the sample, a major challenge is the limited amount of available sample in the forensic field. If the amount of DNA input required for preparing NGS libraries continues to decrease, nearly any sample could be sequenced; therefore, the maximum information from any biological remains could be obtained. Furthermore, microbiome typification could be a fascinating application to study for crime scene characterization. NGS technologies are going to be crucial for DNA human typing in cases like mass disasters or other happenings where forensic specimens and samples are compromised and degraded. With the use of NGS, it will be possible to achieve the simultaneous analysis of the standard autosomal DNA (STRs and SNPs), mitochondrial DNA, and X and Y chromosomal markers
