Background: Gastro-Intestinal (GI) cancer is a term for the group of cancers that affect the digestive system which includes cancers of the oesophagus, gallbladder, liver, pancreas, stomach, small intestine, bowel (large intestine or colon and rectum), and anus.
Objective: In this study we show the advantages of immunohistochemistry which includes not only its remarkable sensitivity and specificity but also its applicability to routinely processed formaline fixed material.
Method: The present study had been conducted in the Department of Pathology, B.R.D. Medical college, Gorakhpur, U.P on both IPD & OPD patients in whom endoscopic biopsies were conducted for esophageal lesions .Further all these biopsies were studied by IHC.
Result: The present study included 25 cases of esophageal endoscopic biopsy. Benign lesions were 10 and malignancies were 15 .The significant findings in this study showed p53 and ki67 positivity in 0 and 20% cases of benign esophagealtumors. However it was interesting to note that malignant esophagealtumors were more positive for p53(53.3%) and ki67 had a high positive index(66.6%).
Conclusion: Most gastrointestinal tumors can be differentiated by their unique immunohistochemical profile. In present study, the sensitivity and specificity of p53 in esophageal cancer was 53% and 100% respectively. Whereas sensitivity and specificity of ki67 in esophageal cancer was 66.6% and 80% respectively.
