Colorectal cancer (CRC) also known as colon cancer or rectal cancer, is the third most common cancer in the world, and is among the main causes of death related to cancer. Several risk factors for colorectal cancer have been clearly identified, but challenges remain in relation to the etiology of this disease. The aim of this work is to study risk factors related to colorectal cancer (Inactivity, diabetes, obesity, oral contraception, aspirin, tobacco and alcohol) are all risk factors or protective in patients treated at Mohammed VI center for cancers treatment in Casablanca during 2015-2016. This is a Case-Control Study that took two years, it includes colorectal cancer cases treated at the center, compared to controls that are not suffering from any cancerous disease. The statistical analysis of the results was carried out by the software R. 225 patients were treated in our center compared to 225 controls. Cases and controls were paired by age and sex. The average age of the patients was 55.49 ± 14.06 years, 119 men (52.9%) and 106 women (47.1%). The family history of colorectal cancer was found in 11,11% of the casesvs1,33% of the controls with a significant difference (p = 0.0001). As for the medical antecedents in our patients, Taking aspirin was found in 4, 89% of the cases vs12.44% of the controls; (p= 0.003; OR=0.36).The analysis of toxic habits reveals that 50.7% of the patients are smokers vs28.5 of the controls. This difference was highly significant (p = 0.001, OR = 2.62). Alcoholic patients accounted for 11.55% of the cases, against 1.33% of the controls. (P = 0.0001, OR = 10.81). Moreover, the results of our study allow to conclude an association between sport activity and the reduction of the risk of colorectal cancer, the practice of medium intensity or high intensity sport activities was lower in patients with respectively 3% of the cases vs 12% of the controls (P = 0.01) and 6% of the cases vs 29% of the controls (P = 0.0001). In the light of this study and examined in the literature, it is recommended that important steps be taken to combat illiteracy and promote education. As well as raising awareness among the general public about risk factors for colorectal cancer. The fight against certain risk factors on which action can be taken and effective integrated prevention that promotes healthy eating, physical activity and the fight against alcohol consumption, overweight and obesity could have an impact and reduce the incidence of colorectal cancer in the long term.
