Horse Gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum (L)) traditionally known as antiurolithiatic legume in India, a representative of the family Leguminosae, is widely available in hills of Uttarakhand. It is used as antiurolithiatic, astringent, diuretic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective drug by Indian traditional system of medicines. It acts against oxidative stress, horse gram (HG) can be used as a comprehensive treatment in case of urolithiasis. Till date the molecular mechanism of antiurolithiatic activity of HG is not clearly known. LC-MS analysis of HG extract yielded more than thirty most important compounds beneficial to human health. Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (APRTase) is an enzyme in purine salvage pathway which recycles a group of DNA building blocks (nucleotides), but Xanthinedehydrogenase (Xdh) degrades the APRTase and induce the kidney stone by formation of 2, 8-dihydroxyadenine (DHA). DHA is poorly soluble in urine and forms kidney stone. Molecular docking of compounds with Xdh has shown the significant reduction and change in properties of Xdh activity. Xdh was converted by binding of HG compounds and Xdh will not degrade the APRTase. This investigation proved that HG has potential to cure the kidney stone. The present investigation will be important information in the field of urolithiasis. This is the first hand report on in-silico analysis of antiurolithiatic activity of horse gram. The outcome of this research have tremendous scope as industrial insights and including contribution to research inputs for researchers working on the field of in-vivo and in-vitro studies.
