Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P.A) is an opportunistic pathogen and one of the major causes of community and opportunistic infection in our environs. Infections resulting from this pathogen are very difficult to treat. The emergence of resistance caused by this organism is really alarming which have created serious health problems resulting in enormous burden of morbidity, mortality and high health care and management costs among it victims. The aim of this research is to identify and determine prevalence of P.A, evaluate their antibiotic susceptibility patterns and compare carbapenem resistance among clinical and environmental Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from selected hospitals. This study was conducted in four tertiary hospitals in south west Nigeria between January and December, 2016 using standard laboratory procedures. Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method was used for susceptibility testing according to CLSI 2015. 172 clinical and 20 environmental P.A were recovered from 1338 clinical and 2230 environmental samples collected from four selected hospitals. Prevalence of 12.8% and 0.9% was found among clinical and environmental isolates respectively. Clinical P.A were 92.5% (159 of 172) cephalosporin resistant, 28.5.% (49 of 172) carbapenem resistant, while 90% cephalosporin and 10% (2 of 20) carbapenem resistant strains were detected from environmental P.A respectively. Nosocomial and community acquired infections were found to be 66.3% (114/172) and 33.7% (58/172) respectively while Pus/wound predominated as sources of the isolates, with 55.2% (95/172). Carbapenem resistance in P.A infections is increasing day by day and more stringent infection control policies should be institutionalised in our hospital settings, to stem the trend.
