Background: Tuberculosis affects individual and also the vulnerable persons in a family, therefore taking the whole family into confidence is important to for better drug compliance. Tuberculosis is an ever green issue in India though the control programme started about 50 years ago. The infection affects all the organs of the body and all age groups, it is gaining further importance by its association with HIV and development of drug resistance leading to MDR TB. The burden of TB does not seem to reduce in the coming years until key issues are addressed by appropriate specific targeted interventions. Objectives: Case study of TB in a family - Scope of family counselling in adherence of treatment and prevention of spread. Methods: An in depth interview of the head of the family using a structured proforma. Interpretation & Conclusion: Lack of awareness, poor living conditions, illiteracy, ignorance and inadequate counselling of the family has led to series of tuberculosis cases in a single family. Therefore, family counselling should be an integral part of RNTCP. The psychosocial factors, unemployment, poverty and stigma are some of the issues which needs to be focused to reduce the final gap in treatment outcomes, which results in MDR TB.
