Objective: This study was aimed to determine and document the frequency pattern of ABO and Rh blood groups among two healthy population at Albaha, Saudi Arabia. Method: The design used for this study was a retrospective, cross sectional, laboratory based study for the distribution of ABO blood group and Rh factor conducted at both Albaha Central Blood Bank and Faculty of Medicine, Albaha University, Saudi Arabia. The study population constitute 2356 subjects enrolled into the studyduring the years 2015 and 2016. While the second group were medical students studying at Faculty of medicine Albaha University, who were potential blood donors(270 participant) Data Collection: Data regarding frequency and distribution of ABO and Rh groups of the screened blood donors at the Central Blood Bank were retrieved from registration books from Jan 2015 up to December 2016 using prepared Checklists . A total of 2155 blood donors were screened within the study period Results: A total of 2425 study population were included over the study period from January 2015 to December 2016. Out of these (88.87%) were Blood Bank donors and (11.13 %) were medical students. Amongst ABO blood group system, the most common group was O (47.67%) followed by group A (33.57%), B (13.69%) and AB (5.07%). The overall frequency of RhD positive and RhD negative blood group among our population was found to be 90.88 % and 9.11% respectively, with equal rates in the two groups Conclusion: Frequency of “Rh-positive blood group” is A, O, AB and B, whereas the frequency of the most common Rh-negative blood group are B, AB,O, and A respectively. The determination of the frequency of blood groups in the region would not only help in blood transfusion services, but also reduce the risk of erythroblastosis foetalis in the neonates.
