impact of pygidial secretion on histological changes in the testis of adult male sphaerodema rusticum (heteroptera: belostomatidae) in relation to reproduction

The male reproductive system of Sphaerodema rusticum consists of a pair of testis, seminal vesicle, vas deferentia, a common ejaculatory duct and then into aedeagus. The testis showed some remarkable changes in the insects treated with zoopesticide, pygidial secretion (25 ppm median lethal concentration). The testis of treated insects showed the presence of a ruptured testicular follicle, disintegrated spermatocytes, pynotic and necrotic spermatids. The toxicity impact of zoopesticide pygidial secretions was appropriate to be comparatively higher than other insects