Objective:-
1. To study the individual incidence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis among different
immunocompromised patients.
2. To assess the diagnostic sensitivity of various modalities in Pulmonary Tuberculosis among
different immunocompromised patients.
3. To study the clinical spectrum of pulmonary TB in different immunocompromised conditions.
4. To study the laboratory and radiological changes in different immunocompromised conditions in
reference to Pulmonary Tuberculosis.
Materials and Methods:-
The present study was conducted in tertiary care centre in India. The study was carried out on 100 patients admitted during the period from June 2020 to October 2022 in the hospital.It was a prospective observational study. A detailed history was taken followed by a thorough clinical examination to assess clinical severity and complications.
Result:-
HIV infection (30%) was the most common immunocompromised condition associated with Pulmonary Tuberculosis followed by Diabetes Mellitus (20%) and Malnutrition (20%).Incidence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Chronic Liver Kidney Disease/Chronic Liver Disease was lower in our study (10%). However, in Chronic Kidney Disease; females were found to have higher incidence (50%) as compared to other immunocompromised conditions.
Conclusion:-
Immunocompromised diseases particularly HIV and Diabetes Mellitus definitely affect the incidence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis as evident by radiological presentation of disease (more atypical changes and frequent cavity occurrence in patients with poor glycemic control and Malnutrition and may also show more sputum positivee rates among patients with low CD4 count, poor glycemic control and Malnutrition. The implementations of Tuberculosis interventions and network collaborations; particularly in HIV infected patients; needs to be highlighted to help and generate common feasibilities to improve life expectancy among these patients and to curb the future incidence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis.Our study shows the there is higher occurrence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Immunocompromised Patients and they should be screened routinely for detection of pulmonary tuberculosis.
