The present study deals with the diversity of soil fungi and bacteria from different Agricultural fields and uncultivated soils of Papanasam Taluk Thanjavur District, Tamil Nadu. Soil samples were collected at various seasons (Monsoon, Premonsoon, Summer, Postmonsoon) by appropriate method. The physico chemical parameters of soils were identified. The physical parameter includes the analysis of pH , moisture content and temperature of the soils. The chemical parameter includes the analysis of macronutrients such as Carbon, Nitrogen, Potassium, Phosphorus, calcium, magnesium and micronutrients such as Zinc, Iron, manganese and copper present in three crop land soils of three different villages. Totally 15 different species of soil fungi were observed from the soil collected from Perumalkoil, Rajagiri, and Kabistalam villages. Among the fungal species identified, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigates, and Trichoderma viridae were predominant in all the soil samples collected from the crop of three villages in four seasons. Totally 20 different species of soil bacteria were observed from the soil samples in three villages namely, Perumalkoil, Rajagiri, and Kabistalam. Among the bacterial species identified, Bacillus spp, E.coli, Bacillus subtilis and Streptococcus spp were dominant bacteria. The chemical parameters and microbial population of rhizosphere soils of crop plant have suggested as future course work.
