Background: Incidence of Squamous cell carcinoma esophagus has increased over last few decades , it is more common in man exposed to certain risk factor mostly chronic smoking and alcohol intake.The sole risk factors for Squamous Cell Carcinoma(SCC) in non smoker females have not been studied. Aims: To study the risk factors of Squamous Cell Carcinoma among females patients and compared with age- matched female controls without SCC in the Northwest part of India. Setting and design: Hospital based case –control study. Materials and Methods: A total of 80 females subjects were included (39 SCC patients and 41 age-matched controls without SCC). The participants were selected from the gastroenterology unit CMC and Hospital, Ludhian. They were interviewed by trained medical interns using questionnaire before subjecting them into an endoscopy .Results: Patients with SCC are older than control group. The number of cups of beverage per day have essentially put the subjects at risk (i.e higher the frequency of intake of beverage in a day , more the risk of developing SCC esophagus) in our study(p=0.0045) .The occurrence of SCC has increased when the number of cups per day has exceeded beyond 3 or more .The Sikh female are higher risk of developing SCC than other religion. Conclusion: Number of cups of per day intake of beverage has posed the subjects at risk, so avoidance of frequent and hot beverage intake for the risk population should be advised. Efforts for controlling the burden of SCC (esophageal squamous cell carcinoma) should focus on reducing the risk factors.
