Soil are highly complex system, with many component playing diverse functions mainly due to the activity of soil organism. Soil flora plays a pivotal role in evaluation of soil condition and in stimulating plant growth. Microorganism are beneficial in increasing the soil fertility and plant growth as they are involved in several biochemical transformation and mineralization the activites in soils. The present study was aimed to, deals with the diversity at sites in Kumbakonam Taluk, Thanjavur District, TamilNadu. The study period was covering all the four seasons viz, Monsoon (October-December), Postmonsoon (January- March) Summer (April – June) Premonsoon (July – September) and distribution of bacterial and fungal population in around soil. The physico-chemical parameters of such soil were identified the includes pH and moisture content of the soil. macronutrient (Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Calcium) and micronutrient (Iron, Copper, Zinc, Manganese) were analyzed. Totally 50 species of soil bacteria and fungi were observed form the soil samples, they were collected from Kumbakonam, Krishnapuram and Cholapuram. About 30 different species belonging to Ascomycetes and Phycomycetes and most of them were isolated by using PDA medium and Nutrient Agar Medium identified with standard manuals .The dominant bacterial species are Pseudomonas sp, Clostridium sp, Bacillus sp, Staphylococcus sp and Escherichia sp and fungal species Aspergillus sp, Rhizopus sp, Pencillium sp, and Fusarium sp were recorded. Isolation of microorganisms were correlated to percentage frequency and heavy metal content were recorded. The physic –chemical parameters are rich in Kumbakonam as Silty Clay to Silty Clay Loam soil type.
