The present study investigates the seasonal diversity and conservation status of invertebrate fauna in Nirmal Lake, a freshwater ecosystem located in the suburban region of Mumbai, Maharashtra. A comprehensive survey was conducted across two stations during pre monsoon and post-monsoon periods to document the occurrence and abundance of molluscs, macrozoobenthic invertebrates, and aquatic insects. A total of five molluscan species including Filopaludina bengalensis, Indoplanorbisexustus, and Tarebiagranifera were recorded, along with the brown freshwater crab Barytelphusa cunicularis and the Pagoda tiara Melanoides scabra. Insect fauna such as lake spiders (Oxyopes javanicus) and various dragonfly species were also observed. The findings showed significant seasonal and geographical differences in species abundance and distribution among sites. Some species are currently classified as “Not Evaluated,” while others are classified as “Least Concern” or “Not Threatened,” according to conservation status assessments based on IUCN criteria. This demonstrates the lake’s ecological diversity while emphasising the necessity of additional taxonomic and conservation research. The results highlight the ecological value of Nirmal Lake as a home for a variety of invertebrate species and the necessity of routine monitoring to guide conservation plans and sustainable lake management techniques.
