Kidney disease is a worldwide public health problem, with becoming increasingly incidence and prevalence, high cost, and poor outcome. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) involves an irreversible loss of renal function. CKD is becoming one of the major leading global health concerns that is projected to grow worldwide at a rate of 8% annually, and incidentally is doubled in last fifteen years; but it is under diagnosed and under treated. Patient with hypertension, diabetes, obesity, nephritic syndrome and stone diseases are at high risk for CKD. As number of CKD patient increases, primary care practitioners will be confronted with management of complex medical problems unique to patients with chronic renal impairment. The aim of the present study is to provide an overview and detailing the current knowledge of physiological complications associated with CKD
