The purpose of this article is to analyse the “Project of Ambient Recovery of the South Catarinense Carboniferous Basin". The implementation of this project was in fulfilment of the process from sentence nº 2000.72.04.002543-9, (Civil action Public n°.93.8000.533-4), at the year of condemned the guilty ones: the mining companies, the State of Santa Catarina and the Union to elaborate and to implemente a project of recovery of the areas, degraded for the extration of the coal. The carboniferous Basin encloses 1,625 appoximately in km², of which about 490 km² is degraded: the ground, the fauns and the water. (MOREIRA et al, 2008). Despite the relevance of the issues, the main challenge to the coal region faces is the contamination of water resources. For this reason, the actions of the Coal Basin recovery project was to promote actions to mitigate the contamination of polluted water draining that region. To guide the analysis of this issue and considering its complexity, consider the agents involved in the implementation and development of the project, establishing the counterpoints and relevant debates about environmental degradation in coal basin.
