Background: Obesity is an abnormal weight gain, this pathology is most often associated with diseases such as hypertension, heart failure, type II diabetes, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, some cancer. Caralluma dalzielii is a medicinal plant traditionally used in northern Burkina Faso for weight management. Aim: The purpose of the study was to determine the ability of fractions of C. dalzielii to reduce weight gain. Methods: Acute oral toxicity of the raw extract of C. dalzielii was determined at 2000 mg / kg body weight. The activity of the fractions obtained by liquid-liquid fractionation on the digestive enzymes, on the weight gain and food of the animals having a hyperlipidicdiet, on the biochemical parameters related to obesity was determinated. Results: Caralluma dalzielii showed no acute toxicity at 2000 mg / kg body weight. For inhibition of digestive enzymes, the butanolic fraction gave the best inhibition with 88.47 ± 1.40% at 100 μg / ml on pancreatic lipase and the hexane fraction presented the best inhibitory effect of trypsin with 60.64 ± 1.75%. The Acetate ethyl fraction gave the best activity on reduction of body weight with 18.11% reduction at 50 mg / kg against the control 2 (hyperlipidicdiet) which gave weight increases of 34.83%. The ethylacetate fraction of C. dalzielii gave the best reductions in triglyceride. Conclusion: In vivo and in vitro biological activities, bioactive fractions of C. dalzielii contribute to reduce weight gain. Supplementation to these fractions may reduce the risk of complications related to obesity.
