The genus Curcuma is a member of the ginger family (Zingiberaceae) they are native to Southeast Asia, southern China, the Indian Subcontinent, New Guinea and northern Australia, tropical Africa, Central America and Florida The aim of this study was to assess the genetic variation and relationships between six varieties of curcuma species using PCR-based molecular markers(RAPD). Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were applied to detect the genetic relationships and diversity among six Curcuma species, which have medicinal properties. Two polymorphic primers (OPC-4, OPC-7) were evaluated for genetic diversity studies. DNA was extracted using CTAB method was used directly in PCR DNA at 30 ng, primer concentration of ~30 pic moles, 200 µm dNTPs and 2 units of Taq DNA Polymerase at 35 PCR cycles gave better result for developing RAPDs in Curcuma species. Among the two primers, highest number of bands were amplified in Curcuma longa (S 1) (primer OPC-7). Matching coefficients produced a total of Six groups in the Curcuma species studied using the RAPD markers with maximum similarity between C. longa and C.amada. The study was undertaken to identify different Curcuma species using RAPD markers. The original Gawl and Jarret protocol for DNA extraction was modified to get good quality of DNA from rhizome and PCR conditions for good amplification was standardized with DNA from rhizome. This investigation was an understanding of genetic variation within the accessions. It will also provide an important input into determining resourceful management strategies and help to breeders for ginger improvement program.
