Various researchers investigated and analyzed the characteristics of several electric motors utilized in electric vehicles. To develop the study, they used a variety of techniques. Initially, DC motors were employed, but this has the drawback of generating losses because of the usage of commutators and brushes, which lowers efficiency and raises the requirement for motor maintenance. To do away with encounters and commutators, researchers converted from commutator motors to commutator less motors. Among the best commutator less engine types are asynchronous motors. However, one of their primary disadvantages is using controllers, which increases the motor’s cost and limits its prolonged constant-power region. A high starting current, a low power factor, and breakdown torque are further disadvantages. Induction motors also have a lower power density and are less efficient than permanent magnet motors. Thus, flux weakening techniques are needed to enhance the constant power region. Other commutator less engines include synchronous reluctance motors, which have severe issues with cogging torque, vibration, and auditory disturbances. The suggested motor is a permanent magnet synchronous motor widely employed in automotive settings because of its rapid dynamic response, small volume and power density and efficiency high. One of its main differences is that rotor cooling is made easier by the synchronous motor’s much lower rotor heat production. There are various factors to the design of an electric motor, and given the gaps in knowledge, there may be more than one possible answer. The objective is to design the engine that offers the optimal solution given the available conditions.
