Introduction: Intracranial hemorrhage (HIC) is the common name for intraventricular and intraparenchimal hemorrhage in newborn brain. It can result in neurodevelopment impairment as the neonatal period is critical for brain development.
Aim: To analyze the risk factors and treatment of newborns with HIC.
Material and methods: We reviewed the medical records of 43 newborns with intracranial hemorrhage treated in the period from September 2021 to September 2023 at the Pediatric Clinic University Medical Center Sarajevo.
Results: The birth weight under 1,000 g had 15/43 (34.9%), 1,000-1,499 g 13/43 (30.2%), 1,500-2,499 g 9/43 (20.9%) and over 2,500 g 6/43 (13.9%) newborns. In 30/43 (69.8 %) newborns 5 –minute Apgar score was < 7, of which 6/30 (20%) were with severe perinatal asphyxia (5-minute Apgar score <3). The first grade of HIC had 18/43 (41.9%) newborns, the second 12/43 (27.9 %), the third 10/43 (23.3%) and fourth 3/43 (6.9%) newborns. In 4/43 (9.3%) newborns a posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus developed.
Conslusion: A key risk factor for the development of HIC were low birth weight and perinatal asphyxia. Since there is no specific treatment for HIC, the supportive care and treatment of symptoms were applied. In case of posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus the surgery was needed.
