The menstrual cycle is primarily regulated by hormones, including follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estrogen, and progesterone. FSH promotes the development of ovarian follicles and stimulates estrogen production, while LH triggers ovulation and the formation of the corpus luteum, which secretes progesterone.
These hormones orchestrate the thickening and shedding of the uterine lining (endometrium) in preparation for potential pregnancy. Hormonal imbalances can lead to menstrual disorders such as irregular cycles, heavy bleeding, and dysmenorrhea (painful periods), impacting women’s physical and mental health. In Ayurveda, the menstrual cycle is known as Rituchakra and is divided into three phases based on the predominance of the three doshas as Vata, Pitta, and Kapha. Each phase is associated with specific hormonal changes and physical and emotional characteristics. Understanding hormonal roles in menstruation is vital for reproductive health, enabling effective management of menstrual disorders and promoting overall well-being. Regular monitoring of menstrual cycles can aid in early detection of hormonal issues, guiding appropriate interventions and lifestyle adjustments.
