Background: Members belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae are the most frequently encountered bacterial isolates recovered from clinical samples. They have emerged as an impending pathogenic entity with the ability to show resistance for commonly used antimicrobials. The present study was undertaken to detect the clinical distribution and antibiogram profile of lactose fermenting Gram-negative bacilli [LFGNB] isolated from various specimens. Materials and Methods: This study has been conducted in the department of Microbiology at a tertiary care teaching hospital from July 2015 to December 2016. A total of 415 LFGNB isolated from various clinical specimens were identified and antibiotic sensitivity test was performed by subjecting them to VITEK -2 compact system. Results: Urine was the most commonest specimen followed by blood culture. Culture positivity was highest in urine samples (43%) followed by blood culture (30%). E coli was the predominant isolate (58%) followed by Klebsiella species (36%). Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed that majority of the isolates were sensitive only to Colistin (93.49%), Tigecycline (81.93%) and Ertopenem (72%) with decreased susceptibility and resistance to other groups of drugs, thus revealing multidrug resistance. Conclusion: E.coli and Klebsiella species are the predominant organisms of nosocomial infections in our hospital. It is necessary to identify them and to monitor their susceptibility pattern to guide the clinician for better care and management of patients. Hence, antibiotic sensitivity testing and infection control measures are needed to prevent the spread of multidrug resistant LFGNB in health care settings.
