Backgraound: Radiochemotherapy supplemented with brachytherapy is a standard in the treatment of locally advanced cervix cancer. Conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) does not allow a good organ at risks sparing. Technological developments led to the emergence of Modulated Volumetric Arc Therapy (VMAT®), which showed a dosimetric value in pelvic irradiation compared to conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) for intestinal sparing and homogeneity of planning target volume coverage while decreasing treatment time. The objective of the study is the dosimetric comparison of the conformal radiotherapy technique and VMAT® in cases of cervix cancer. Methods: This is a comparative retrospective study of 17 cases treated in our center for cervix cancer by pelvic radiotherapy without lumbar-aortic radiation. The cases that received a 3D-CRT treatment were simulated in VMAT® and those who received a VMAT® irradiation were simulated in 3D-CRT. Data entry was done on Excel software and static analysis by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 21.0. Results: The mean coverage of the Planning target volume was lower with VMAT® (p <0.001). This technique allowed better intestinal sparing (p <0.001) , better bladder (p <0.001) and rectal sparing (p <0.001). Monitor units (MU) in VMAT® are much more important than in conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) (p <0.001) which influences the treatment time; 4 minutes for VMAT® and 3 minutes for 3D-CRT. Conclusion: The VMAT® is more interesting in matters of organ at risks sparing compared to the 3D-RCT, but with more monitor unites (UM ) and a relatively longer processing time.
