Past Issue

The present study on fish diversity on two different water bodies of Barpeta district of lower Assam, i.e -Borbeel and Kanakukurabeel was done from March, 2024 to Maerch, 2025. A total of 43 fish species which comprise28 genera, 15 families and 5 orders were recorded while36 fish species belong to the Borbeel and 37 fish species were from Kanakukurabeel.Cyprinidae family is the most dominant, which includes 15 species in both Borbeel and Kanakukurabeel.

Chlorpheniramine Maleate injection (CPM) is a first-generation H1 antihistamine widely utilized for the management of allergic disorders. Thevarious pharmacopoeias currently employ UV spectroscopy method to determine the interference of preservative with API. This method lacks in sensitivity, specificity and robustness, particularly in the formulations as they contain various preservatives such as Chlorbutol, phenol, phenyl mercuric nitrate and benzyl alcohol, which interferes with the analysis.

Background: Pain during orthodontic treatment, particularly during the levelling and alignment phase, is a major concern that can impact patient compliance and treatment experience. While several methods exist to manage this discomfort, many have limitations including potential interference with tooth movement. Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) has emerged as a promising non-pharmacological approach to reduce orthodontic pain.

For thousands of years, oral fungal infections have existed in human history.Hippocrates, who lived between 460 and 370 BCE, was the first person to report occurrences of oral aphthae that could have been oral candidiasis. While infections like cryptococcosis, aspergillosis, and mucormycosis are relatively rare in the mouth, oral candidiasis became widely recognized during the AIDS epidemic. It was a major opportunistic infection, signaling the progression from HIV to AIDS. This highlighted the vital role of our immune system in preventing fungal infections.

Introduction: The newborn’s ability to feed  is essential for discharge. The use of scales to assess the acquisition of oral feeding skills allows to identify feeding problems. Objective: To identify a tool for assessing nutritional skills in preterm infants that is suitable to be introduced to our neonatal intensive care unit (University Medical Center Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina) focusing on validity, ease of application and relevance and to apply it to our clinical context. Materials and Methods.

Enterococci are Gram-positive cocci arranged in pairs. Most of the infections are caused by non-motile enterococcus species such as E. faecalis, E. faecium. Infections caused by motile enterococci species (E. casseliflavus, E. gallinarum) are rare. Risk factors for motile enterococcal bacteremia include advanced age, immunosuppression, nosocomial infection, previous enterococcal infections, and  comorbidities like diabetes or heart disease.

Intrahepatic mass forming cholangiocarcinoma is the second most common primary hepatic tumour worldwide which accounts for approximately 5%-10% of all cholangiocarcinoma and accounts for approximately 10% to 20% of all primary liver cancers. The incidence ranges from 0.3-6 per 1,00,000 inhabitants per year. The arterial enhancement pattern at CT, MRI along with CA 19-9 levels and tumour size may be useful prognostic markers in the preoperative evaluation of patients with resectable intrahepatic mass forming cholangiocarcinoma.

Lemmel syndrome, characterized by biliary and pancreatic duct obstruction secondary to a periampullary duodenal diverticulum (PAD), remains a rare and often overlooked diagnosis,which can lead to a variety of gastrointestinal and biliary complications. This condition is often associated with obstructive jaundice, intermittent abdominal pain, cholangitis,and pancreatitis,resulting fromthe mechanicalobstructionorcompression of the biliary and pancreatic ducts.

Dunbar Syndrome, also known as Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome (MALS) or Celiac Artery Compression Syndrome, is a rare vascular condition caused by external compression of the celiac artery by the median arcuate ligament. This leads to reduced blood flow to abdominal organs and presents with non-specific gastrointestinal symptoms, predominantly postprandial abdominal pain. First described in the 1960s, the syndrome involves both vascular compromise and nerve irritation, making diagnosis and management particularly complex

Telangiectatic osteosarcoma is one of the rare subtypes of osteosarcoma and accounts for 4% of all osteosarcomas. Telangiectatic osteosarcoma is a rare variant of osteosarcoma with distinctive radiographic, gross, and microscopic features and prognostic implications. The common sites for the tumor location are the fastest growing long tubular bones; the femur is involved most frequently, followed in frequency by the tibia and humerus – a distribution similar to that of conventional osteosarcoma.