Past Issue

Introduction: Humeral non-union, which can occur in conservatively treated fractures and surgically managed cases, presents significant challenges. Combining non- vascularized fibular autografts (NVFG) with locking compression plates (LCP) may offer a reliable method for achieving bone union and restoring function in such patients. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the functional outcomes of autologous NVFG and LCP for failed fixation of humeral shaft with atrophic gap non-union.

This study investigates the relationship between self-esteem and self-harm behaviours among Indian Population aged 13–50. Using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE) and the Self-Harm Inventory (SHI), data were collected from 78 participants. Results showed a significant negative correlation between self-esteem and self-harm (r = −0.611, p < 0.0001), with a stronger association observed among females (r = −0.644) than males (r = −0.476).

The present study on fish diversity on two different water bodies of Barpeta district of lower Assam, i.e -Borbeel and Kanakukurabeel was done from March, 2024 to Maerch, 2025. A total of 43 fish species which comprise28 genera, 15 families and 5 orders were recorded while36 fish species belong to the Borbeel and 37 fish species were from Kanakukurabeel.Cyprinidae family is the most dominant, which includes 15 species in both Borbeel and Kanakukurabeel.

Chlorpheniramine Maleate injection (CPM) is a first-generation H1 antihistamine widely utilized for the management of allergic disorders. Thevarious pharmacopoeias currently employ UV spectroscopy method to determine the interference of preservative with API. This method lacks in sensitivity, specificity and robustness, particularly in the formulations as they contain various preservatives such as Chlorbutol, phenol, phenyl mercuric nitrate and benzyl alcohol, which interferes with the analysis.

Background: Pain during orthodontic treatment, particularly during the levelling and alignment phase, is a major concern that can impact patient compliance and treatment experience. While several methods exist to manage this discomfort, many have limitations including potential interference with tooth movement. Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) has emerged as a promising non-pharmacological approach to reduce orthodontic pain.

For thousands of years, oral fungal infections have existed in human history.Hippocrates, who lived between 460 and 370 BCE, was the first person to report occurrences of oral aphthae that could have been oral candidiasis. While infections like cryptococcosis, aspergillosis, and mucormycosis are relatively rare in the mouth, oral candidiasis became widely recognized during the AIDS epidemic. It was a major opportunistic infection, signaling the progression from HIV to AIDS. This highlighted the vital role of our immune system in preventing fungal infections.

Background: Astroblastoma is a rare neuroepithelial tumor that often originates in the cerebral hemisphere of children and young adults. Diagnosis of this obscure neoplasm can be difficult because these tumors are so infrequently encountered and share common radiological and neuropathological features of other glial neoplasms.  Case Description: We present a case of a low-grade astroblastoma diagnosed in a 30-year-old female with complaints of headache, vomiting and vision changes. CT was done which revealed anintra-axial neoplasm in the left frontal lobe.

Lemmel syndrome, characterized by biliary and pancreatic duct obstruction secondary to a periampullary duodenal diverticulum (PAD), remains a rare and often overlooked diagnosis,which can lead to a variety of gastrointestinal and biliary complications. This condition is often associated with obstructive jaundice, intermittent abdominal pain, cholangitis,and pancreatitis,resulting fromthe mechanicalobstructionorcompression of the biliary and pancreatic ducts.

Vesicovaginal reflux (VVR) is a rarely encountered and less known entity1. It is a functional voiding disorder, usually seen in prepubertal girls without anatomical or neurological abnormality and is defined as an abnormal retrograde reflux of urine into vaginal vault during bladder distension and early micturition. It presents with vaginal collection sonographically identical to obstructive hydrocolpos. It is important to differentiate these two, as the treatment of VVR is mainly non-surgical2.

Introduction: The newborn’s ability to feed  is essential for discharge. The use of scales to assess the acquisition of oral feeding skills allows to identify feeding problems. Objective: To identify a tool for assessing nutritional skills in preterm infants that is suitable to be introduced to our neonatal intensive care unit (University Medical Center Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina) focusing on validity, ease of application and relevance and to apply it to our clinical context. Materials and Methods.